BRONCHIOLITIS

Coughing

A persistent, dry cough that may become productive with mucus.

Wheezing

A high-pitched whistling sound during breathing, especially when exhaling.

Shortness of Breath

Difficulty breathing or rapid, shallow breathing

Fever

Elevated body temperature that may be mild to moderate.

Nasal Congestion

Stuffiness or a runny nose, which often precedes the onset of other symptoms.

Chest Retractions

Visible sinking of the chest between the ribs or above the collarbone during breathing.

Bronchiolitis is an acute viral infection that primarily affects the bronchioles, the small air passages in the lungs. It is most commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but can also be triggered by other viruses such as rhinoviruses and parainfluenza viruses. The condition is marked by:

  • Airway Inflammation: Swelling and mucus buildup in the bronchioles, leading to narrowing of the airways.
  • Breathing Difficulties: Obstruction in the small airways makes it challenging for the child to breathe.

Bronchiolitis typically occurs in children under two years of age and is most common during the winter months.

Symptoms of Bronchiolitis

The symptoms of bronchiolitis usually develop in stages and may include:y

When to See Dr. Sanjay Jain

Parents should consult Dr. Sanjay Jain at Nitya Child Care and Vaccination Clinic in Indore if their child exhibits:

  • Severe Symptoms: Persistent wheezing, difficulty breathing, or signs of respiratory distress.
  • High Fever: Prolonged or high fever not responding to standard treatments.
  • Decreased Appetite: Significant reduction in feeding leading to dehydration.
  • Worsening Condition: Symptoms that do not improve with home care or worsen over time.

Treatment of Bronchiolitis

The treatment of bronchiolitis focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting the child’s respiratory function. Key treatment strategies include:
1. Supportive Care
  • Hydration: Ensuring adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration and help thin mucus.
  • Rest: Providing plenty of rest to support recovery.
  • Humidification: Using a cool-mist humidifier to keep the airways moist and ease breathing.
  • Nasal Saline Drops: Administering saline drops to relieve nasal congestion and make it easier for the child to breathe.
2. Medical Management
  • Oxygen Therapy: Administering supplemental oxygen if the child has low oxygen levels or difficulty breathing.
  • Bronchodilators: Medications such as albuterol may be used to help open the airways, although their effectiveness in bronchiolitis is debated.
  • Inhaled Corticosteroids: Generally not recommended for routine use in bronchiolitis but may be used in severe cases.
3. Hospitalization
  • Severe Cases: Hospitalization may be necessary for children with severe symptoms, especially if they exhibit signs of respiratory distress, dehydration, or require more intensive monitoring and treatment.

FAQs

Common symptoms include persistent coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, nasal congestion, chest retractions, and decreased appetite.
 
Treatment at home includes ensuring adequate hydration, providing rest, using a cool-mist humidifier, and administering nasal saline drops. Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms are severe or worsening.
 
Preventive measures include practicing good hand hygiene, avoiding exposure to sick individuals, and ensuring the child is up-to-date with vaccinations to reduce the risk of severe respiratory infections.
 

Conclusion

Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in young children that requires careful management and monitoring. By understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options, parents can effectively manage their child’s condition and seek appropriate medical care when needed. Dr. Sanjay Jain at Nitya Child Care and Vaccination Clinic in Indore provides expert care and guidance for bronchiolitis, helping to ensure better health outcomes and recovery for affected children.